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"And yet you are angry at such a man as myself, who is, I think, [1]26
inferior to no one in knowing and setting forth what needs to be done,
[2] a friend of the city, and [3] superior to money. For [1] the man who
knows [what needs to be done] and does not explain [it] clearly is in
the same condition as if he had not thought of [what needs to be done];
and [2] the man who has both but is full of ill will toward the city, will
not present a [recommendation] with the same loyalty; and [3] if this
too is present and yet conquered by money, everything will be sold for
this one thing.
Here we have Aristotle's triad in only slightly altered form. Practical wisdom
is divided into being able to determine a proper policy and to set it forth;
goodwill corresponds to being a friend of the city; and virtue is narrowed to
being superior to money, i.e., a particular moral virtue much looked for in
politicians. Pericles even anticipates Aristotle by remarking on the harmful
effects of the opposite condition: being unable to set forth a policy clearly,
having ill will toward the city, and being unable to resist money. The first of
these opposite conditions-being unable to set forth policy in a clear manner-
is narrower than Aristotle's lack of sense (1378all),27 but the general
idea is the same: an absence of practical wisdom inhibits counsel, as does an
absence of goodwill and virtue.
Technical proofs - ethos, logos, pathos - creates entheymemes - "techne" - art, greek
Atechnical proofs - "he says" witness, testimony etc ALSO - confessions (by torture)
wisdom, virtue, goodwill - create credibility (according to Aristotle)
Aristotle thought of ethos as separate from other areas of the speech.
Not about prior reputation - the blank slate - prove that you had good will.
Aristotle encouraging people to come to his school - craft art - assure the art of rhetoric with an ethical background.
Issue of taxonomy - he is seperating things out - but some of those work together.
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